Advanced Optical Methods open new avenues for Neuroscience. This symposium is dedicated to the application of new optical techniques that revolutionize our view of the brain.
Observing finest details and compartments of neurons under physiological conditions has become possible with the advent of optical superresolution microscopy. The last years have witnessed an increasing number of applications, especially in Neuroscience. Superresolution microscopy plays an important role in deciphering the structure, composition and function of synapses in diverse models from neuronal cultures over brain slices to in-vivo imaging.
With the emergence of optogenetics and caged neurotransmitters also the optical control of neurons has become feasible, complementary to the optical observation. Genetically encoded tools that can manipulate neuronal activity by light and the development of optical methods for the targeted activation of these tools has opened up new avenues for neurobiological research and stimulated new experimental concepts. Specificity in the neuronal control is typically obtained via genetic targeting of light-gated ion channels to specific cell types. Additional specificity can be ensured by precisely controlled illumination of selected cells. Holographic methods provide such flexible and targeted illumination.
The symposium will highlight the newest developments and applications of advanced optical methods for the detailed observation and manipulation of neurons and neuronal circuits: Nobel laureate Stefan Hell will report about the superresolution technique “MINFLUX”. Valentin Nägerl will demonstrate the application of STED microscopy for imaging live brain nanostructure. Valentina Emiliani will present computer-generated holography and its application for holographic control of neuronal circuits. Marcel Lauterbach will show how a combination of optical methods reveals the energy supply for synaptic plasticity. Amelie Bergs will introduce all-optical voltage-clamp and Margarita Anisimova will highlight the caution needed when using cFos as an optical readout of cumulated neuronal activity.

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